|  | Vol-4176 urn:nbn:de:0074-4176-x Copyright © 2025 for the individual papers by the papers' authors. Copyright © 2025 for the volume as a collection by its editors. This volume and its papers are published under the Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

# JOWO 2025
The Joint Ontology Workshops

## Proceedings of the Joint Ontology Workshops (JOWO) - Episode XI: The Sicilian Summer under the Etna, co-located with the 15th International Conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems (FOIS 2025)

## Catania, Italy, September 8-12, 2025.

Edited by

### John Beverley1,2
C. Maria Keet3
Naveen Lamba4
Patrick Lambrix5
Sanju Tiwari4,6

1 University at Buffalo, USA
2 National Center for Ontological Research, USA
3 Meaningfy SARL, Luxembourg and Stellenbosch University, South Africa
4 Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
5 Linköping University, Sweden
6 TIB, Hannover, Germany
and for:

CAOS: Cognition And OntologieS Workshop

### Stefano De Giorgis1
Guendalina Righetti2
Gabriele Sacco3

1 Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands
2 University of Oslo, Norway
3 University of Bozen-Bolzano and Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Italy

FOMI: Formal Ontologies Meet Industry Workshop

### João Luiz Rebelo Moreira1
Walter Terkaj2

1 University of Twente, The Netherlands
2 National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Italy

FOUST: Workshop on Foundational Ontology

### Adrien Barton1
Mattia Fumagalli2
Oliver Kutz2

1 CNRS, IRIT (Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse), France
2 Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy

IFOW: The Integrated Food Ontology Workshop

### Damion Dooley1

1 Simon Fraser University, Canada

KM4LAW: 4th International Workshop - Knowledge Management and Process Mining for Law

### Davide Audrito1
Francesca Grasso2
Roberto Nai2
Emilio Sulis2

1 University of Bologna, Italy
2 University of Turin, Italy

ONTOLLM: Workshop on the Convergence of Large Language Models and Ontologies

### John Beverley1
Peter Elkin2
Jeremy Ravenel3
Ken Archer4
Jose Maria Parente de Oliveira5
Alcides Lopes6

1 University at Buffalo, USA
2 University at Buffalo, USA
3 Naas.AI, France
4 Microsoft, USA
5 Technological Institute of Aeronautics, Brazil
6 SysManager, Brazil

EIKE: Workshop on Explicit and Implicit Knowledge Extraction

### Luana Bulla1
Gabriele Tuccio1
Giusy Giulia Tuccari1
Stefano De Giorgis2

1 University of Catania, Italy
2 Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands

SHIELDS: 2nd International Workshop on Modeling for Cybersecurity

### Ítalo Oliveira1
Daniele Francesco Santamaria2
Gal Engelberg3
Gianpietro Castiglione2
Giampaolo Bella2

1 University of Twente, Netherlands
2 University of Catania, Italy
3 University of Haifa, Israel

SWODCH: Fifth International Workshop on Semantic Web and Ontology Design for Cultural Heritage

### Antonis Bikakis1
Roberta Ferrario2
Stéphane Jean3
Béatrice Markhoff4
Alessandro Mosca5
Marianna Nicolosi-Asmundo6

1 University College London, England
2 ISTC-CNR, Italy
3 University of Poitiers, France
4 University of Tours, France
5 Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
6 University of Catania, Italy

The Ninth Image Schema Day

### Maria M. Hedblom1
Oliver Kutz2

1 Jönköping University, Sweden
2 Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy

OSS: Ontologies for Services and Social-good

### Bart Gajderowicz1
Daniela Rosu1
Janna Hastings2
Jacqueline Csonka-Peeren3

1 University of Toronto, Canada
2 University of Zurich, University of St. Gallen, Switzerland
3 University of Waterloo, Canada

PHASES: Workshop on Promoting Healthy Aging through the Semantic Enrichment of Social Science

### John Beverley1
William D. Duncan2
Julie Bowker3
Hollen Reischer4
Yongun He5

1 University at Buffalo, USA
2 University of Florida, USA
3 University at Buffalo, USA
4 University at Buffalo, USA
5 University of Michigan, USA

POWER: Perspectival Ontology Workshop on Entities that can be Realized

### Fabrício Henrique Rodrigues1,2
Adrien Barton3

1 Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
2 Samsung R&D Insitute, Brazil
3 CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), France

PLATO: Planning and Ontology Workshop

### Alessandro Umbrico1
Emilio M. Sanfilippo1
C. Fabio Longo1

1CNR – Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, Italy

## Table of Contents

- Preface
  Summary: There were 104 papers submitted for peer-review to this workshops. Out of these, 70 papers were accepted for this volume, 53 as regular papers, 17 as short papers.

### CAOS: Cognition And OntologieS Workshop

- An Argumentation for Embodied Plant Cognition with Parallels from Animal Cognition (short paper)
  Maria M. Hedblom
- Beyond Copies: Digital Twins as Information Artefacts
  Luca Biccheri, Roberta Ferrario
- Large Language Models as a Tool for Mining Object Knowledge
  Hannah Y. An, Lenhart K. Schubert
- Representing the Conceptual Design Process in Engineering using IAO and OBI
  Dilek Yargan, Ludger Jansen
- Non-Monotonic Generalisation of an Ontology
  Gabriele Sacco, Loris Bozzato, Oliver Kutz, Michael Grüninger
- Towards a Semantic Representation of Memory Entities
  Soline Felice, Frank Arnould, Cassia Trojahn
- Coordination, Semantics and Ontologies
  Francesco A. Zaccarini, Claudio Masolo
- Shadows to Referents: An Ontological Interpretation of Plato’s Cave for Anomaly Resolution (short paper)
  John H. Bittner, John Beverley, Timothy W. Coleman
- Characterising Competency Questions for Ontologies
  C. Maria Keet, Zubeida Casmod Khan

### FOMI: Formal Ontologies Meet Industry Workshop

- An Ontology for Selecting Inorganic Material Analytical Methods and Its Industrial Application
  Kaito Sunada, Yoshinobu Kitamura, Shuichi Itakura, Ryoichi Sasamoto, Shizuka Hosoi
- SysDO: A Domain-Level Ontology for Cross-Domain System Design in Aircraft Manufacturing
  Zhengyu Liu, Sina Namaki Araghi, Arkopaul Sarkar, Amine Karoui, Rebeca Arista, Mohamed Hedi Karray
- An Ontology Design Pattern for Industry Classification in the Facilities and Industries Ontology (FIO)
  Katrina Schweikert, Torsten Hahmann
- A Data-Driven Ontology Framework for Integrating Heterogeneous Vulnerability Sources
  Domenico Amalfitano, Domenico Benfenati, Davide Landolfi, Antonio Maria Rinaldi, Cristiano Russo, Cristian Tommasino
- An Ontological Approach for Generating Precedence Matrices of Assemblies Directly from CAD Files (short paper)
  Amir Jaberi, Mihai Pomarlan, Oliver Kutz, Angelika Peer
- An Ontological Approach for the Validation of Simulation Models of Manufacturing Systems
  Sergio Benavent Nácher, Stefano Borgo, Pedro Rosado Castellano, Francesco Compagno

### FOUST: Workshop on Foundational Ontology

- Order in the Mereology of Slots (short paper)
  Laure Vieu, Adrien Barton
- Building Up: foundations and material for definitional ontology construction
  Brandon Bennett
- Malfunctioning artifacts: A step towards a realizable-centered unifying account
  Fumiaki Toyoshima, Ludger Jansen
- Subsumption in the Mirror of Ontological and Logical Choices
  Fumiaki Toyoshima, Satoru Niki
- Towards a reference ontology of the spatial location of physical objects
  Lucas V. Vieira, Cauã R. Antunes, Mara Abel, Fabricio H. Rodrigues, Lisa Stright
- Comparing Information Exchange Standard and Basic Formal Ontology Design Patterns
  Ian Bailey, John Beverley, Helena Blackmore, Andreas Cola, Paul Cripps, Giacomo de Colle, Federico Donato, Amanda Hicks, David Limbaugh, Elena Milivinti, Chris Partridge, Rebecca Rafferty, Barry Smith
- SULO — a simplified upper-level ontology
  Michel Dumontier, Remzi Çelebi, Komal Gilani, Isabelle de Zegher, Katerina Serafimova, Catalina Martínez Costa, Stefan Schulz

### IFOW: The Integrated Food Ontology Workshop

- ConsomON, an ontology for structuring knowledge and modeling consumer food behavior
  Magalie Weber, Florian Duclos, Hervé Guillemin, Stephane Dervaux, Julien Cufi, Michel Visalli
- Representing food waste in ontologies: A role-based account
  Fumiaki Toyoshima, Adrien Barton, Damion Dooley
- Human Verification of LLM-Powered Structured Data Extraction from Image Files (short paper)
  Katherine Thornton, Kenneth Seals-Nutt, Mika Matsuzaki, Marcel Nguemaha
- Towards an Ontology of Traceable Impact Management in the Food Supply Chain
  Bart Gajderowicz, Mark Fox, Yongchao Gao

### KM4LAW: 4th International Workshop - Knowledge Management and Process Mining for Law

- Augmenting Public Procurement Event Logs with Large Language Models: a Legal Process Mining Approach (short paper)
  Ivan Spada, Emilio Sulis, Davide Audrito, Vittoria Margherita Sofia Trifiletti, Roberto Nai
- Units of Analysis for the Legal Domain: A Legal Document Ontology (short paper)
  William Mandrick, Olivia Hobai

### ONTOLLM: 2nd Annual Workshop on the Convergence of Large Language Models and Ontologies

- Modeling Climate Obstruction with a Neurosymbolic Architecture
  Michael DeBellis, George Gino, Aadarsh Balaji, Jacob Gino
- RAG and Ontologies for Information Retrieval: A Literature Review
  Bart Gajderowicz, Aviral Bhardwaj, Mark Fox
- Advanced Planning and Scheduling with Semantic Knowledge Graphs and LLMs
  Nenad Petrovic, Milorad Tosic
- Challenges in the Convergence of LLMs and Knowledge Graphs for Air Traffic Information Systems: An Empirical Study on Granularity and the Impact of Advanced RAG
  Douglas Silva Teixeira, José Maria Parente de Oliveira, Nauane Linhares do Nascimento

### EIKE: Workshop on Explicit and Implicit Knowledge Extraction

- Meanings are like Onions: a Layered Approach to Metaphor Processing
  Silvia Cappa, Anna Sofia Lippolis, Stefano Zoia

### Semantic Shields: 2nd International Workshop on Modeling for Cybersecurity

- PerManOnt: Permission Management Ontology for Smart Devices
  S. Vishal, Ayon Chakraborty, P. Sreenivasa Kumar
- Beyond Risk Propagation: A Unified Approach
  Alessandro Mosca, Mattia Fumagalli, Gal Engelberg, Victor D. Corvalan, Dan Klein, Pnina Soffer, Diego Calvanese, Giancarlo Guizzardi
- A Note on Methods for Explainable Malware Analysis
  Martin Homola, Peter Anthony, Iveta Bečková, Ján Kľuka, Ján Mojžiš, Peter Švec, Štefan Balogh, Franco Alberto Cardillo, Franca Debole, Umberto Straccia, Martin Kenyeres, Francesco Giannini, Michelangelo Diligenti, Marco Gori, Tomáš Bisták, Daniel Trizna, Zekeri Adams

### SWODCH: Fifth International Workshop on Semantic Web and Ontology Design for Cultural Heritage

- Using Omeka S in Cataloguing Stanisław Lem’s Letters (short paper)
  Szymon Piotr Kukulak, Luiz do Valle Miranda, Jakub Gomułka, Krzysztof Kutt, Grzegorz J. Nalepa
- From the Hellenic Peristyle to the Monastic Cloister: An Architectural Legacy Traced Through Ontology
  Matilde Bevilacqua, Irene Di Mauro, Maria Rosaria Stufano Melone
- A Preliminary Investigation on Event Modeling in Music: Performances and Their Reception
  Emilio M. Sanfilippo, Augustin Braud, Richard Freedman, Alessandro Mosca
- Ontological Approaches to Morpho-Semantics in Modern Greek Derivation
  Nikos Vasilogamvrakis, Michalis Sfakakis, Maria Koliopoulou
- Towards a Realism-Based Ontology of Archeology: Artifacts, CIDOC-CRM and BFO
  Fumiaki Toyoshima, Géraldine Delley
- An Etymological Dataset for Nouns and Verbs in the Gallo-Italic Variety Spoken in Nicosia and Sperlinga
  Domenico Cantone, Vincenzo Nicolò Di Caro, Cristiano Longo, Salvatore Menza, Marianna Nicolosi Asmundo, Daniele Francesco Santamaria
- Modelling Knowledge for the PAVES-e Project: A Formal Ontology of Cesare Pavese’s Work
  Giuseppe Arena, Salvatore Cristofaro, Giovanni Gafà, Daria Spampinato
- Domain Ontology for Grounded Theory Qualitative Research: Bridging Interpretation and Structure in Digital Humanities
  Edelweis Rohrer, Regina Motz, Juan Pablo Sandín, Emilio Méndez, Facundo Fleitas, Alén Pérez
- Development of the Lem Knowledge Graph: Implementation of LRMoo Ontology (short paper)
  Jakub Gomułka, Luiz do Valle Miranda, Szymon Piotr Kukulak, Krzysztof Kutt, Grzegorz J. Nalepa

### The Ninth Image Schema Day

- Eliciting Image Schemas for Urban Digital Twins (short paper)
  Maria Rosaria Stufano Melone, Stefano Borgo, Domenico Camarda, Stefano De Giorgis
- Image Schema Objects: Evaluating Tangible Image Schema Representations as Data Physicalisation Design Tool
  Cordula Baur, Carolin Wienrich, Jörn Hurtienne
- “Let’s collide with the approaching car head-on” Introducing Synthes-IS: extending the Image Schema catalogue with synthetic-data (short paper)
  Guendalina Righetti, Stefano De Giorgis
- Embodied Meaning in Motion: A Videographic Approach to Image Schemas in Film Studies (short paper)
  Maarten Coëgnarts Miklós Kiss
- Script-based Inferences in an Image Schema Story Understander
  Jamie C. Macbeth, Boming Tony Zhang, Sharmin Badhan
- Epistemic Feelings and the Psychological Foundations of Force Fynamics: A Case Study in the Psychoaffective Theory of Image Schemas
  David Romand

### OSS: Ontologies for Services and Social-good

- Methodology for managing linguistic uncertainty (short paper)
  Jacqueline Csonka-Peeren
- Ontologies for Simulating Smart Cities: the KnOCS Project
  Chiara Alì, Domenico Cantone, Giorgia Leanza, Mirko Giuseppe Mangano, Alex Mattia, Marianna Nicolosi Asmundo, Daniele Francesco Santamaria
- Representing Money as a Pure Commodity in Ontologies
  Fumiaki Toyoshima, Olivier Massin
- Modeling of Skills, Abilities, Competences, and Related Dispositions in the Occupation Ontology
  Finn Wilson, Matthew A. Diller, Robin McGill, Sam Smith, Jie Zheng, Clarissa Savluchinske Feio Vieira, William D. Duncan, John Beverley, Yongqun He
- From Goals to Impact: Using Ontologies to Align Stakeholder Needs, Program Objectives, and Measurable Outcomes in Social Services for Newcomer Youth
  Daniela Rosu, Mark S. Fox
- Developing an Ontology-based Model for Physiotherapy
  Maria Rosaria Stufano Melone, Stefano Borgo, Claudio Masolo, Fabiana Ballarin, Gianluca Fasano
- Integrating Multi-Survey Data into an Ontological Model of Dental Care-Related Fear and Anxiety
  Elena Milivinti, Finn Wilson, Ram A. N. R. Challa, Olga S. Ensz, Brenda Heaton, Astha Singhal, Michelle Cooper, Jiahang Yu, Emily Sardzinski, Daniel W. McNeil, William D. Duncan, Alexander D. Diehl

### PHASES: Workshop on Promoting Healthy Aging through the Semantic Enrichment of Social Sciences

- Groundwork for the Ontology of Curiosity (short paper)
  Regina Hurley
- Towards Healthy Aging through Semantic Enrichment
  John Beverley, Julie C. Bowker, Hollen N. Reischer, Rachel A. Mavrovich, Regina Hurley, Sean Kindya, Sam Smith, Jie Zheng, Yongqun He, Damayanthi Beera, William D. Duncan
- Towards an Ontology-based System to Foster Older Adults’ Mental Health via Indoor Comfort Management
  Daniele Spoladore, Anđela Ðinđić, Walter Terkaj
- Closure Through an Ontological Lens (short paper)
  Noor M. Al-Khaouli, Keilai Angeldekao, Rachel A. Mavrovich
- Formalizing Heuristics: Cognitive Strategies for Decisions Under Constraint
  Timothy W. Coleman, John Bittner

### POWER: Perspectival Ontology Workshop on Entities that can be Realized

- Toward a Unified Framework for Realizable Entities: Dispositions, Plans, and Beyond
  Stefan Schulz, Michel Dumontier, Remzi Çelebi, Katerina Serafimova, Catalina Martínez Costa
- Challenged by Vulnerabilities: A Focus on Climate Change and Disaster Risk Conceptualisations, Semantics, and Debates
  Greta Adamo, Max Willis, Alessandro Mosca, Anna Sperotto
- Triggers and Bases: Extending BFO to Represent the Pahl–Beitz Framework for Working Principles
  Ludger Jansen, Dilek Yargan
- Dispositions and Roles of Generically Dependent Entities (short paper)
  Fabian Neuhaus

### PLATO: Planning and Ontology Workshop

- T2B2T: The Ontology for Adaptive Agent-Driven Seamless Integration with the Semantic Web
  Carmelo Fabio Longo, Rocco Paolillo, Miguel Ceriani
- About the Unreal
  John Beverley, Jim Logan, Barry Smith
- Using Ontologies for Adaptive Planning and Robust Execution in Robotic Manipulation (short paper)
  Oriol Ruiz-Celada, Víctor Molina, Raúl Suárez, Muhayy Ud Din, Isiah Zaplana, Jan Rosell

2026-01-13: submitted by John Beverley, metadata incl. bibliographic data published under Creative Commons CC0
2026-03-02: published on CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org, ISSN 1613-0073) | valid HTML5 |